What are Newton's laws of motion?

Newton's laws are three fundamental principles that describe the relationship between forces and motion: 1) Law of Inertia, 2) Force equals mass times acceleration, 3) Action and reaction.

How do I use the universal gravitation formula?

The universal gravitation formula F = G(m₁m₂)/r² calculates the gravitational force between two masses. You need the masses of both objects and the distance between their centers.

What is the difference between kinetic and potential energy?

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion (KE = ½mv²), while potential energy is stored energy due to position (PE = mgh). They can be converted between each other.

How do I calculate work done by a force?

Work is calculated as W = Fdcos(θ), where F is force, d is distance, and θ is the angle between force and displacement. When force is parallel to displacement, θ = 0° and work = Fd.

What is centripetal force?

Centripetal force is the force required to keep an object moving in a circular path. It's calculated as F_c = mv²/r, where m is mass, v is velocity, and r is the radius of the circular path.

Newton Formulas Calculator - Physics Laws & Equations

Comprehensive calculator for Newton's laws, gravitation, momentum, energy, and related physics formulas. Solve mechanics problems step-by-step.

Read our in-depth guide

Newton Formulas Calculator

Select Formula

Input Values

Force

Unit: N (Newtons)

The net force applied to the object

Examples:

100 N50 N200 N

💡 Tip:

Enter any two values to calculate the third

Mass

Unit: kg (kilograms)

The mass of the object

Examples:

10 kg0.5 kg75 kg

💡 Tip:

Must be a positive value

Acceleration

Unit: m/s² (meters per second squared)

The acceleration of the object

Examples:

9.8 m/s² (gravity)2.5 m/s²0 m/s² (no acceleration)

💡 Tip:

Can be positive (speeding up) or negative (slowing down)

Newton's Laws & Physics Formulas Calculator

This comprehensive calculator covers all of Newton's fundamental laws of motion, universal gravitation, momentum, energy, work, power, impulse, and centripetal force. Each formula includes step-by-step solutions to help you understand the underlying physics concepts.

Whether you are a student learning mechanics or a professional solving engineering problems, this tool provides accurate calculations with detailed explanations for each step.

11 different physics formulas covering mechanics and gravitation
Step-by-step solutions with mathematical explanations
Input validation and error handling
Calculation history for reviewing previous work
Educational content explaining physics concepts

Scenarios

Common Physics Problems

Calculating force needed to accelerate an object
Finding gravitational force between celestial bodies
Determining kinetic energy of moving objects
Computing work done by forces at various angles
Analyzing circular motion and centripetal force

Edge cases & limitations

Special Considerations

Zero net force results in no acceleration (Newton's First Law)
Division by zero in force calculations (infinite acceleration)
Negative values for distance, mass, or time are invalid
Very large numbers may cause precision issues
Angle values should be in degrees (0° to 360°)

Frequently Asked Questions

Physics Education Tool

Newton Formulas Calculator: Physics Laws & Equations

Master classical mechanics with our comprehensive Newton formulas calculator. Solve problems involving Newton's laws, gravitation, momentum, energy, work, power, impulse, and centripetal force with step-by-step solutions.

Complete Newton's Laws

Calculate all three laws of motion including inertia, F=ma, and action-reaction pairs with detailed explanations.

Universal Gravitation

Solve gravitational force problems between any two masses using Newton's law of universal gravitation.

Momentum & Energy

Calculate linear momentum, kinetic energy, potential energy, work, power, impulse, and centripetal force.

Comprehensive Methods & Features

How It Works

• Select from 11 different physics formulas including Newton's three laws of motion
• Enter known values for any formula - the calculator automatically determines what to solve for
• Get instant results with proper units and step-by-step mathematical solutions
• View detailed explanations of each formula and its applications in real-world physics

Technical Details

• Uses standard SI units (Newtons, kilograms, meters, seconds) with automatic unit handling
• Includes physical constants like gravitational constant (G = 6.67430×10⁻¹¹ m³/kg/s²)
• Provides precision calculations with up to 4 decimal places for accuracy
• Supports all major Newton formulas: F=ma, gravitation, momentum, energy, work, power, impulse, centripetal force

Physics Topics Covered

newton laws step by step calculatorphysics formulas with solutionsclassical mechanics problem solvergravitational force calculationsmomentum energy work powercentripetal force circular motionphysics homework help toolmechanics equation calculator

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Important: This calculator is designed for educational purposes and general physics calculations. For critical applications or professional use, please verify results with appropriate engineering standards and consult with qualified professionals.

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Newton Formulas Calculator

Select Formula

Input Values

Force

Unit: N (Newtons)

The net force applied to the object

Examples:

100 N50 N200 N

💡 Tip:

Enter any two values to calculate the third

Mass

Unit: kg (kilograms)

The mass of the object

Examples:

10 kg0.5 kg75 kg

💡 Tip:

Must be a positive value

Acceleration

Unit: m/s² (meters per second squared)

The acceleration of the object

Examples:

9.8 m/s² (gravity)2.5 m/s²0 m/s² (no acceleration)

💡 Tip:

Can be positive (speeding up) or negative (slowing down)